Solar Tsunami To Strike Earth This Week
The sun may be about to put on a colorful light show.
That’s because of two minor solar storms – coronal mass ejections – that flared on Sunday and are shooting tons of plasma directly at Earth.
Scientists said residents of northern regions – from Maine to Michigan and anywhere farther north around the globe – may see unusual northern lights.
Usually only regions closer to the Arctic can see the aurora of rippling reds and greens, but solar storms pull them south.
The federal Space Weather Prediction Center in Boulder, Colo., said the plasma will likely arrive late Tuesday night or early Wednesday. The storms are not much of a threat to satellites or power grids.
Until recently, the sun was in a phase with few storms.
Coronal mass ejections (or CMEs) are large clouds of charged particles that are ejected from the Sun over the course of several hours and can carry up to ten billion tons (1016 grams) of plasma. They expand away from the Sun at speeds as high as a million miles an hour. A CME can make the 93-million-mile journey to Earth in just three to four days.
When a coronal mass ejection reaches Earth, it interacts with our planet?s magnetic field, potentially creating a geomagnetic storm. Solar particles stream down the field lines toward Earth?s poles and collide with atoms of nitrogen and oxygen in the atmosphere, resulting in spectacular auroral displays. On the evening of August 3rd/4th, skywatchers in the northern U.S. and other countries should look toward the north for the rippling dancing ?curtains? of green and red light.
The Sun goes through a regular activity cycle about 11 years long. The last solar maximum occurred in 2001 and its recent extreme solar minimum was particularly weak and long lasting. These kinds of eruptions are one of the first signs that the Sun is waking up and heading toward another solar maximum expected in the 2013 time frame.
