Activists in New Mexico join those in other states to mark Indigenous Peoples’ Day
SANTA FE, New Mexico — Protesters used a rope and chain to topple a monument in New Mexico's capital city as activists faced off with authorities along the U.S.-Mexico border in neighboring Arizona as part of demonstrations meant to mark Indigenous Peoples' Day.
Officers with the Arizona Department of Public Safety responded Monday after protesters blocked traffic near an immigration checkpoint to voice concerns about border wall construction and activity on O’odham ancestral land in southern Arizona. Authorities reported that a dozen people were taken into custody after a brief confrontation.
“Everyday is Indigenous Peoples' Day, and we are here to remind the world that this is, was, and always will be Indigenous O’odham land, and we will do what is necessary to protect it,” read a statement from the O’odham Anti Border Collective and Defend O’odham Jewed, which means “homelands” in the O’odham language.
In Santa Fe, the crowd cheered as the top stone of the historic marker came crashing down. A point of contention for years, Native American activists had been calling for the removal of the obelisk due to its reference to the “heroes” who died in battle with “savage Indians.”
Handmade signs read “It matters who we elevate and celebrate” and “It’s time to stop celebrating conquest.”
Other events across the country Monday focused on the history and contributions of Native Americans, including virtual runs, comedy and music showcases, panel discussions on tribal sovereignty, and the effects of a recent U.S. Supreme Court decision that determined that a large swath of eastern Oklahoma is a part of the Muscogee (Creek) Nation.
The federal government recognizes the second Monday in October as Columbus Day. In a proclamation Friday, President Donald Trump commemorated Christopher Columbus as the “great Italian who opened a new chapter in world history” and said racial activists have sought to undermine Columbus’ legacy.
The 15th-century Genoese explorer is a polarizing figure embraced by 20th-Century Italian-American immigrants. He’s often lauded for “discovering” the Americas but reviled for launching centuries of genocide against Indigenous people.
Native American advocates for years have pressed states to change Columbus Day to Indigenous Peoples' Day.
In Arizona, Monday marked the first time that the state recognized Indigenous Peoples' Day while still keeping Columbus Day a state holiday.
Arizona state Sen. Jamescita Peshlakai, who is Navajo, pushed for the proclamation that Gov. Doug Ducey signed last month. She said she plans to introduce legislation next year that would replace Columbus Day with a celebration of Native Americans. She expects backlash.
The movement has seen statues of Columbus and other others defaced or torn down in recent months.
Over the weekend, protesters in Oregon overturned statues of former Presidents Theodore Roosevelt and Abraham Lincoln in what they dubbed “Indigenous Peoples Day of Rage,” in response to the Columbus Day federal holiday.
In Santa Fe, Mayor Alan Webber had tried earlier this year to diffuse conflict over several historical markers linked to Spanish colonialism and Anglo-American soldiers. He had one statue of a Spanish conquistador taken down and boarded up an obelisk commemorating U.S. soldiers after city contractors tried and failed to tear down the massive stone structure.
Webber had promised to form a commission that would contemplate the future of the historical markers, but that hasn't happened.
“I think pulling it down was fabulous,” Judy Henry, 76, said of the obelisk in Santa Fe's historic plaza. She said demonstrators clashed with police briefly before officers left the area, ceding it to those who pulled down the monument.
Henry said she “felt bad” for police officers caught up in a 15-minute clash with protesters before they left.
“Today unfortunately we saw wanton destruction of property that did violate city codes and where two officers were injured by this demonstration,” Webber said Monday evening in an emergency meeting of the City Council. “They are both okay, although it's never okay to assault a police officer.”
City councilors pressed the mayor on plans to form the commission, and legal research into ownership of the obelisk, which Webber said belongs to the city but may be subject to federal authority.
“It puts us in quite a predicament,” said Councilor Signe Lindell. “You’ve made a decision about things, a decision by indecision.”
A Santa Fe Police Department spokesman did not respond to requests for comment.
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States that officially celebrate Indigenous Peoples' Day
Alaska: Observes Indigenous Peoples' Day as of 2017
Gov. Bill Walker signed observances of the holiday in 2015 and 2016 before making the switch official in 2017.
Hawaii:Observes Discoverers' Day in place of Columbus Day
Maine: Observes Indigenous Peoples' Day as of 2019
New Mexico: Observes Indigenous Peoples' Day as of 2019
Oregon: Observes Indigenous Peoples Day as of 2017
South Dakota: Observes Native American Day as of 1990
Vermont: Observes Indigenous Peoples' Day as of 2019
States and DC that observe Indigenous Peoples' Day via proclamations
Iowa: Iowa Gov. Kim Reynolds made a proclamation in 2018 designating Columbus Day as Indigenous Peoples' Day.
Louisiana: The Pelican State doesn't recognize Columbus Day. Gov. John Bel Edwards declared October 14, 2019, the state's first Indigenous Peoples' Day but hasn't issued a 2020 proclamation yet.
Michigan: On October 14, 2019, Gov. Gretchen Whitmer declared the day to be Indigenous Peoples' Day "to uplift our country's indigenous roots, history, and contributions."
Minnesota: In 2019, Gov. Tim Walz signed a proclamation declaring the second Monday in October Indigenous Peoples' Day. The state is home to 11 Tribal Nations.
North Carolina: Gov. Roy Cooper has made yearly proclamations designating the second Monday in October as Indigenous Peoples' Day.
Virginia: In 2020, Gov. Ralph Northam declared Monday the first Indigenous Peoples' Day in Virginia, calling it an "important step in creating an inclusive, honest Commonwealth." The state is home to 11 native tribes.
Wisconsin: Gov. Tony Evers established Indigenous Peoples' Day via an executive order days before the observance in 2019.
Washington, DC: The DC Council voted to replace Columbus Day with Indigenous Peoples' Day a few days before the 2019 observance.
States that celebrate both holidays
Alabama: The state celebrates both Columbus Day and American Indian Heritage Day.
Oklahoma: In 2019, the state voted to move Native American Day to the same day as Columbus Day so the two could be celebrated concurrently.
